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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

2023年湖北省科技工作会议在武汉召开******

　　1月7日，2023年湖北省科技工作会议在武汉召开。会议指出，过去五年，湖北科技创新高地建设稳步推进，科技创新体系更加完善，科技创新综合实力不断提升，科技创新生态持续优化，为全省经济社会发展提供了有力支撑。

会议现场。杨光泗摄

　　2018-2022年，湖北省高新技术企业由6590家增至2万家，增长203.2%；科技型中小企业由3500家增至2.4万家，增长585.27%；技术合同成交额由1237亿元增至3000亿元以上，增长142.5%；高新技术产业增加值由6653亿元增至1.1万亿元，增长65.3%；全省研发人员由25.74万人增至35.36万人，增长37.4%；全社会研发投入经费由822亿元增至1160亿元，增长41.1%；全社会研发投入强度由1.96%增至2.32%，提高0.36个百分点；综合科技创新水平指数由67.44%增至72.15%，提高4.71个百分点。湖北研发投入、技术合同成交、高新技术企业、科技型中小企业、高能级创新平台、高端人才数量等系列创新指标稳居中部第一，区域科技创新实力进入全国第一方阵。

　　2022年，湖北以建设武汉具有全国影响力的科技创新中心为引领，加快打造全国科技创新高地，湖北科技支撑引领全省经济社会高质量发展迈出新步伐、实现新突破。湖北科技工作高位部署聚力推进，取得里程碑式重要进展，交出亮眼“成绩单”，武汉具有全国影响力的科技创新中心成功获批。数字建造、智能设计与数控等2家国家技术创新中心获批建设，数量居全国第2。全国重点实验室优化重组进展顺利。湖北科技工作实现主要指标大幅提升，跑出科技强省建设“加速度”，湖北省区域科技创新水平排名稳居全国第8、中部第1，综合科技创新水平指数达到72.15%，较上年提高2.82个百分点；全省高新技术企业总数预计突破2万家，同比增长超过37%；国家科技型中小企业入库超过2.4万家，增长达70%；高新技术产业增加值预计突破1.1万亿元，增速超过10%；技术合同成交额超过3000亿元，增长超过40%。全社会研发经费投入达到1160亿元，增长超15%。

　　会议强调，2023年是全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神的开局之年，是贯彻落实湖北省第十二次党代会部署的关键之年，是湖北科技自立自强年。力争全省高新技术企业数量增长20%、技术合同成交额增长20%、高新技术产业增加值增幅超过10%、科技型中小企业达到25000家以上、培育科创“新物种”企业100家。

　　会议通报了2022年湖北省科技工作重点指标数据完成情况，武汉市科技局、襄阳市科技局、宜昌市科技局、大冶市科技局、湖北洪山实验室、华工科技产业股份有限公司负责同志作大会交流发言。

　　（光明日报全媒体记者张锐夏静通讯员朱勇进冯星星）

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

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